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New England Shipbuilding Corporation
The New England Shipbuilding Corporation was a shipyard located in the city of South Portland, Maine, United States. The yard originated as two separate entities, the Todd-Bath Iron Shipbuilding Corporation and the South Portland Shipbuilding Corporation, which were created in 1940 and 1941 respectively, in order to meet the demand created by World War II. The two merged in 1943, then continued to produce ships as the New England Shipbuilding Corporation's East Yard and West Yard. New England Shipbuilding ranked 97th among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts.〔Peck, Merton J. & Scherer, Frederic M. ''The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis'' (1962) Harvard Business School p.619〕 Both closed at the end of the war.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 New England Shipbuilding (East & West) )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 South Portland Shipyards of World War II - History of the Shipyards )〕
The two yards built 266 ships: 154 in the East Yard, 112 in the West Yard. The first 30 East Yard ships were ''Ocean'' class cargo ships built for the United Kingdom. The remaining ships were of the Liberty ship design, derived from the ''Ocean'' class, and were built for the United States Maritime Commission. Among them was the SS ''Jeremiah O'Brien'', a Liberty ship that is preserved as a museum ship in San Francisco. In contrast to many museum vessels, she is in seaworthy condition in compliance with U.S. Coast Guard and American Bureau of Shipping standards, making regular cruises on San Francisco Bay.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 South Portland Shipyards of World War II - Ship List )〕
Five of the British Ocean ships, hulls 19—24 ''Ocean Wayfarer'', ''Ocean Stranger'', ''Ocean Traveller'', ''Ocean Seaman'', and ''Ocean Gallant'', were launched along with two destroyers, and , and the Liberty Ship at a record breaking mass launching on August 16, 1942. The ships were launched by flooding the construction basins and towing them to the fitting out docks, all within fifteen minutes.〔
At the peak of production, the yards employed 30,000 people.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Around Maine - Portland's Liberty Ship Era )〕
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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